special education math

Teacher and student building a two-digit number with base-ten blocks on a place value mat
Teacher Tips

Place Value: Why It’s Hard, and How to Teach It So It Sticks

What Is Place Value? Place value is the idea that a digit’s value depends on where it sits in a number. In 47, the 4 isn’t just “four” — it’s four tens, or 40. Swap the digits to 74, and that same 4 is suddenly worth 4 ones. It sounds simple once it clicks, but

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Teacher and student practicing the counting-on addition strategy with hidden and visible counters
Teacher Tips

Counting On: The Math Strategy That Replaces “Counting Everything”

What Is Counting On? Picture a student solving 6 + 3. The long way is counting every single object from 1: “1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6… 7, 8, 9.” Counting on skips that first count entirely — the student starts at 6 and just counts forward three more: “6… 7, 8, 9.” It sounds

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Teacher helping students build number sense using a ten-frame at a small group table
Teacher Tips

Number Sense: What It Is, Why It Matters, and How to Teach It

What Is Number Sense? Number sense is a student’s flexible, intuitive feel for numbers — knowing that 8 is close to 10 but far from 2, that you can break 7 into 5 and 2, or that counting backward from 20 is faster than starting at 1. It’s not a single skill so much as

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